Live in the future

Đây là một bài tập hợp những ý tôi cho là hữu ích nhất trong bài viết How to get startup ideas của Paul Graham. Nếu bạn thấy thú vị, bạn nên đọc cả bài.

Với những bạn muốn tạo ra những ý tưởng mới, hi vọng bài này sẽ mang lại nhiều ý hay cho bạn.

Trong các trích dẫn, tôi đã dấu đi một sốt từ với mục đích đoán từ dành cho các bạn đang học tiếng Anh. (Nhưng nếu bạn hiểu ý nghĩa chung của đoạn, bạn sẽ đoán được các từ đã được ẩn đi bỏ). Để xem các từ được ẩn đi, xem phần Answers ở cuối bài.

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Building a company’s culture – Lessons from “What do you is who you are”

I recently just read Ben Horowitz’s 2nd book: What you do is who you are: How to create your business culture.

This post is written as my study notes to understand and apply what’s suggested in this book. So these notes shouldn’t be taken as a literal summary of Ben’s book, but my interpretations of his, as I learn.

Now, let’s get started.

It’s more effective to make your culture explicit

Culture is a set of shared values. Shared by all of the staff in a company.

As the leader, if you don’t make them explicit, your employees wouldn’t know them all.

And more insidiously, each will understand the company’s culture in a different way. And then, they’d act accordingly.

That’s a mess.

Continue reading Building a company’s culture – Lessons from “What do you is who you are”

Fundamental Approaches in Second / Foreign Language Acquisition

Below is a summary of the fundamental approaches to second / foreign language acquisition. More will be added as discovered.
(If you find a popular approach that hasn’t been included, please let me know in the comment)

Note: L1: a person’s first (native) language; L2: the second / foreign language

 

Hello in many languages

  1. Input hypothesis by Stephen Krashen
    • What matters to language acquisition is comprehensible input
      • Using L1 to aid understanding of L2 is therefore discouraged, and used only when absolutely necessary
      • A (quite surprising) corollary of this is that speaking practice is not the key to language acquisition
    • Affective filter hypothesis: emotional aspects, such as motivation, self-esteem and anxiety, affects the acquisition of languages
    • Focal skills:
      • Focusing on improving one skill (3/4 of the time) at a time until reaching mastery (a predetermined level). Order of skills by priority: Listening, Reading, Writing, Speaking
  2. Comprehensible output hypothesis by Merrill Swain
    • A speaker’s output assists language acquisition in 3 ways:
      • Noticing function: through attempts to output, the speaker realizes what they don’t know how to express
      • Hypothesis-testing function: what the speaker outputs implicitly conveys his or her assumption / understanding about the language
      • Meta-linguistic function: the speaker’s reflections (and hence learning) of the target language
  3. Dual comprehension by Wolfgang Butzkamm
    • Effective comprehension of L2 must take place at 2 levels: meaning of the phrase as well as literal translation (“mirroring”) to L2. This is necessary since it would expedite language transfer from L1 to L2.
    •  The use of the native language in literal translation to L2 and in aiding understanding of L2’s linguistic features is therefore highly encouraged (Note that this is in contrary to the Comprehensible Input Hypothesis)
  4. Skills-based theories of language acquisition
    • Learning a foreign language is a skill, just like any other skills. Hence, it requires practice
    • Stages of language learning in ACT: declarative knowledge (facts), procedural knowledge (how), autonomy (fluency)

Your business and your growth as an entrepreneur

2016 is coming to an end and as usual, I think I should write some thing as I reflect over my actions and results of 2016.

But that would be too broad a topic to write about and would make this post unfocused. So instead, I’d share with you about one of the most important points I’ve learned over the past year about the growth rate of entrepreneurs.

How many books should entrepreneurs read a year?

I’ve been a book enthusiast for a long time and that means I’ve read, say, for average 7 books a year for the past 10 years or so. Before doing startups, most of the books I read are about personal development and for the past 3 years or so, they’re all about business and startups.

7 books a year used to seem like a big deal for me. I’m an action-all-the-time person so to finish a book it would spread over a few weeks. And from time to time, I got distracted by other things and this prolonged the reading time even more.

Then one day I got curious as to how many books other entrepreneurs read. And here is a startling stats:

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Our hidden world

2015 was a rather tumultuous and challenging year for me.  But since hardship and failures are necessary stepping stones of success, 2015 could have been seen as a year packed full of lessons.

As the year is closing and a new year 2016 is about to start, I’d like to share some important points that have significantly affected the way I look at the world in 2015.


Let’s start with Perspective

When someone says how one interprets things depend on one’s perspective, I used to take it as, in a nutshell, different situations bring different interpretations of the same event.

Continue reading Our hidden world

Lessons from Perelman Story

The life story of Perelman:

  • the mathematician who solved the PointCaré Conjecture
  • rejected the Fields Prize (the first and only person to do so)
  • rejected 1 mil US$ prize for his solution of the Conjecture.

has left me with some realizations that I think you may find useful or otherwise thought-provoking.

If you don’t know about him, you can read my summary about Perelman story here.

Below are the main lessons I’ve learned:

  • I used to dislike early specialization programs for young pupils. But Perelman’s story has made me more open to this.
    I now accept that it may be necessary for finding and growing exceptionally talented people (esp. in Math?). Hence, it seems important to help children identify their talents as early as possible, by giving them many opportunities to get exposed to various disciplines. (This is not the same as forcing young people to follow a field decided by parents or someone else)

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